Vietnam: National Assembly adopted Law on Artificial Intelligence including user rights

On 10 December 2025, the National Assembly adopted the Law on Artificial Intelligence (AI), which applies to Vietnamese and foreign entities operating in the country, excluding AI used solely for defence, security, or cipher purposes. The Law establishes measures regarding user interaction with AI systems. Article 11 sets out transparency responsibilities for AI providers and deployers. Providers must ensure that AI systems interacting directly with humans make it clear to users when they are engaging with the system. AI-generated audio, image, and video content must be marked in a machine-readable format according to Government regulations. Deployers must notify users when AI-generated or edited content could cause confusion about the authenticity of events or persons and ensure that simulations or imitations of real people or events are clearly distinguishable from real content. For cinematographic, artistic, or creative works, labeling should be applied appropriately without obstructing the display, performance, or enjoyment of the work. Providers and deployers are responsible for maintaining transparency throughout the provision of AI systems, products, or content. The Government will specify the forms of notification and labeling.