India: Critical Infrastructure (Resilience, Protection and Accountability) Bill, 2026 including performance monitoring requirement was introduced to Council of States

On 6 February 2026, the Critical Infrastructure (Resilience, Protection and Accountability) Bill, 2026 was introduced to the Council of States of the Parliament of India. The Bill establishes a framework for the identification, designation, protection, governance, and resilience of critical infrastructure of strategic importance. It applies to public and private sector parties involved across the infrastructure lifecycle, including contractors, concessionaires, special purpose vehicles, vendors, technology providers, company officers, and relevant public servants, particularly where projects exceed INR 1,000 crore in value, serve more than 1 million daily users, or affect national security, defence, or sovereignty. The Bill would require every entity responsible for the design, construction, operation, or maintenance of designated physical critical infrastructure to maintain a functioning Digital Twin. The Bill defines a Digital Twin as a dynamic virtual representation of physical critical infrastructure that uses real-time data to understand, monitor, and manage its performance and lifecycle. The Digital Twin would be required to support real-time structural health monitoring, stress testing against simulated natural and man-made disasters, predictive maintenance scheduling, and other prescribed resilience functions.