European Union: European Commission opened formal investigation into X’s compliance with obligations to carry out risk assessments and mitigate identified risks before deploying Grok’s functionalities on its platform

On 26 January 2026, the European Commission opened a formal investigation into X to determine whether the company violated the Digital Services Act (DSA) during the deployment of its Grok artificial intelligence tool. The investigation focuses on whether X failed to conduct mandatory ad hoc risk assessments and mitigate systemic risks such as the dissemination of illegal content and manipulated sexually explicit images. The Commission alleges that these deployments may have serious negative consequences for the physical and mental well-being of users and could facilitate gender-based violence. Under the formal proceedings, the Commission has the authority to conduct inspections and may impose interim measures or non-compliance decisions if the platform fails to remedy the identified violations.