India: Regulation of Deepfake Bill (No. 193 of 2024), including content moderation regulation was introduced to House of People

On 5 December 2025, the Regulation of Deepfake Bill, including content moderation regulation, was introduced to the House of People of the Parliament of India. The Bill seeks to establish a legal framework to govern the creation, distribution, and application of deepfakes in India. The Bill applies to intermediaries and social media intermediaries that host, transmit, or enable user-generated digital content. The Bill defines a deepfake as Artificial Intelligence (AI)-generated or manipulated digital content that deceptively portrays a person as saying or doing something that did not occur, and an intermediary as any entity that hosts, transmits, or facilitates electronic records on behalf of others, including internet service providers and online platforms. The Bill criminalises certain uses of deepfake technology and imposes liability where a person creates or circulates deepfake content without consent or without an identifying watermark. The Bill includes provisions for cases involving sexually explicit misuse intended to shame or harass, uses that risk provoking violence or undermining elections or official processes, and deepfakes employed as part of fraud, impersonation, or identity-theft schemes.