India: Artificial Intelligence (Ethics and Accountability) Bill, including Artificial Intelligence authority governance was introduced to House of People

On 5 December 2025, the Artificial Intelligence (Ethics and Accountability) Bill, including Artificial Intelligence (AI) authority governance, was introduced to the House of People of the Parliament of India. The Bill aims to establish a nationwide ethics and accountability framework for the use of AI in decision-making, surveillance, and algorithmic systems. The Bill defines AI as systems performing human-like tasks, including decision-making, language processing, and visual perception, and recognises algorithmic bias as systematic errors causing unfair outcomes. The Bill applies to developers, deployers, users of AI technologies, and other stakeholders operating across India. It proposes the creation of a central government constituted ethics committee for AI to issue ethical guidelines, monitor compliance, investigate misuse and algorithmic bias and promote capacity-building. The Committee would include representatives from academia, industry, civil society and government, and experts in law, data science and human rights appointed by the Central Government. The Bill empowers the committee to conduct investigations based on complaints and recommend penalties or remedial actions. The Bill also provides for fines of up to INR 5 crore, suspension or revocation of licences, and criminal liability for repeat violations.