On 16 August 2009, Law No. 09-04 setting out specific rules for the prevention and fight against crimes related to information and communication technologies entered into force. The law defines offences against automated data processing systems and permits electronic surveillance for national security and public order purposes (Articles 3–4). It requires service providers to assist judicial authorities in real-time data collection and mandates technical measures to secure systems (Articles 10–12). Surveillance operations must be authorised by the competent judicial authority, with strict limitations to prevent misuse (Article 4).
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