Brazil: Bill on Artificial Intelligence (AI) Regulation (No. 526/2025) including establishment of National Committee on AI Ethics and Regulation was introduced to the Chamber of Deputies

On 18 February 2025, a bill on the regulation of artificial intelligence (PL 526/2025) was introduced to the Chamber of Deputies. The Bill would set out principles, guidelines and rules for the development, deployment and use of AI, addressing human rights, data protection, transparency, security and accountability. It includes definitions, requirements for high-risk AI applications, including prior impact assessments and human oversight, and restrictions on certain uses, including mass surveillance without judicial authorisation, AI-driven misinformation, discriminatory practices, and fully automated judicial or administrative decisions without human review. Non-compliance would result in warnings, fines, suspension or prohibition of AI systems in Brazil. The Bill would provide for the creation of a National Committee on AI Ethics and Regulation to oversee implementation. In addition, it would be responsible for proposing additional guidelines to address emerging AI developments. The committee would also assess the societal impact of AI technologies, focusing on areas such as human rights, privacy, security and economic development. If passed, the law will come into force upon publication.