On 6 August 2003, the Telecommunication Regulation Law (No. 10 of 2003) entered into force. Operators of communications networks or service providers in Egypt were required to comply with the provisions of the attached law and the minister's rules within six months from 5 February 2003. Article 21 explicitly prohibits the establishment or operation of telecommunication networks or the provision of telecommunication services without obtaining a licence from the National Telecommunication Regulatory Authority (NTRA).
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