European Union: Implemented regulatory categorisation of "gatekeeper" outlined in DMA

On 2 May 2023, the Digital Markets Act (DMA) outlining thresholds for the designation of companies as "gatekeepers" was implemented. Gatekeepers include companies with an annual EU turnover over EUR 7.5 billion (last three years) or market capitalisation over EUR 75 billion (last year) that operate a core platform service in at least three EU countries, reaching more than 45 million monthly “end users” and 10'000 “business users” (last three years). Core platform services include: online intermediation services such as app stores, online search engines, social networking services, certain messaging services, video sharing platform services, virtual assistants, web browsers, cloud computing services, operating systems, online marketplaces, and advertising services. The entities that meet the criteria must notify the EU Commission, submit information on its " gatekeeper " position and provide an audited description of any implemented techniques of consumer profiling.