The growing pace of AI regulation demands international coordination. The Digital Policy Alert has documented over 600 regulatory developments targeting AI providers since January 2023. Often, governments share regulatory objectives, such as safety and transparency, enabling international alignment under the OECD AI Principles. To translate international alignment into national AI rules, however, governments need a common factual base. To this end, this report provides a comprehensive comparative analysis of AI rules across the globe.

We find that AI rules diverge on three layers. First, governments prioritise the OECD AI Principles differently, focusing mainly on accountability and fairness. Second, when implementing the same OECD AI Principle, governments employ different regulatory requirements, creating a regulatory patchwork. Third, even when governments use the same regulatory requirement to implement the same OECD AI Principle, granular differences create hurdles to interoperability.

Divergence presents an opportunity for governments. Building on shared goals, governments can learn from each other and develop effective AI regulation. This report enables such learning with four value propositions:

• A common language for AI rulemakers: We code the text of AI rulebooks across the globe using a single taxonomy, tackling terminological differences.

• Detail for international alignment: We translate the five OECD AI Principles into 74 regulatory requirements and analyse interoperability with unique precision.

• Clarity on current AI rules: We systematically compare the world’s 11 most advanced AI rulebooks from seven jurisdictions.

• Transparency for AI rulemakers: We make all our findings accessible through our CLaiRK suite of tools to navigate, compare, and interact with AI rules.